Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers have emerged as a promising technology for the synthesis of hydrogen, driven by the increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy options. These systems utilize a solid polymer electrolyte to separate hydrogen and oxygen ions, facilitating an efficient electrochemical process. This review provides a

PEM electrolyzer technology has undergone significant developments in recent years, driven by the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy solutions. These advancements encompass improvements in catalyst materials, membrane durability, and system design. As a result, PEM electrolyzers are becoming increasingly competitive for various applica